Part 107 Test / Study guides

Part 107 ACS codes: what each code on your test report means

Updated October 6, 2026 · From the Remote Pilot Airman Certification Standards, FAA-S-ACS-10B

In short: your Part 107 test report lists one ACS code for each topic you answered incorrectly. UA is the remote pilot certificate, the Roman numeral is the area (I Regulations, II Airspace, III Weather, IV Loading and performance, V Operations), the letter is the task, and K plus a number is the knowledge element. Find yours below.

How to use these codes

A code tells you the topic, not the question, and the same code can cover many different questions. If a code appears on your report, study the whole element: read its source in the Remote Pilot Study Guide or 14 CFR Part 107, then practice questions on it until you get them right two days in a row. The full plan is in what to do after failing the Part 107.

Reports can also show risk management codes, which end in R instead of K. Those are listed in the full ACS document.

All knowledge elements, by task

UA.I.A General

UA.I.A.K1Applicability of 14 CFR part 107 to small unmanned aircraft operations.
UA.I.A.K2Definitions used in 14 CFR part 107.
UA.I.A.K3The ramifications of falsification, reproduction, or alteration of a certificate, rating, authorization, record, or report.
UA.I.A.K4Accident reporting.
UA.I.A.K5Inspection, testing, and demonstration of compliance.
UA.I.A.K6Multiple category sUAS.
UA.I.A.K7Record retention.
UA.I.A.K8Previously manufactured sUAS.

UA.I.B Operating rules

UA.I.B.K1Registration requirements for sUAS.
UA.I.B.K2Requirement for the sUAS to be in a condition for safe operation.
UA.I.B.K3Medical condition(s) that would interfere with safe operation of an sUAS.
UA.I.B.K4Responsibility and authority of the remote PIC.
UA.I.B.K4aAllowing a person other than the remote PIC to manipulate the flight controls.
UA.I.B.K5Regulatory deviation and reporting requirements for in-flight emergencies.
UA.I.B.K6Hazardous operations.
UA.I.B.K6aCareless or reckless.
UA.I.B.K6bDropping an object.
UA.I.B.K7Operating from a moving aircraft or moving land- or water-borne vehicle.
UA.I.B.K8Alcohol or drugs and the provisions on prohibition of use.
UA.I.B.K9Daylight operations.
UA.I.B.K10Visual line of sight (VLOS) aircraft operations.
UA.I.B.K11Requirements when a visual observer is used.
UA.I.B.K12Prohibition of operating multiple sUAS.
UA.I.B.K13Prohibition of carrying hazardous material.
UA.I.B.K14Staying safely away from other aircraft and right-of-way rules.
UA.I.B.K14aSee and avoid other aircraft and other potential hazard considerations of the remote PIC.
UA.I.B.K15Operations over human beings (see Task E).
UA.I.B.K16Prior authorization required for operation in certain airspace.
UA.I.B.K17Operating in the vicinity of airports.
UA.I.B.K18Operating in prohibited or restricted areas.
UA.I.B.K19Flight restrictions in the proximity of certain areas designated by notice to airmen (NOTAM).
UA.I.B.K20Preflight familiarization, inspection, and actions for aircraft operations.
UA.I.B.K21Operating limitations for sUAS.
UA.I.B.K21aMaximum groundspeed.
UA.I.B.K21bAltitude limitations.
UA.I.B.K21cMinimum visibility.
UA.I.B.K21dCloud clearance requirements.
UA.I.B.K22Requirements for a Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating.
UA.I.B.K23Automated operations.
UA.I.B.K24Civil twilight operations.
UA.I.B.K25Night operations.
UA.I.B.K26Transportation of property.
UA.I.B.K27ATC transponder equipment prohibition.
UA.I.B.K28ADS-B Out prohibition.

UA.I.C Remote pilot certification

UA.I.C.K1Offenses involving alcohol or drugs.
UA.I.C.K2The consequences of refusing to submit to a drug or alcohol test or to furnish test results.
UA.I.C.K3The eligibility requirements for a Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating.
UA.I.C.K4Aeronautical knowledge recency.

UA.I.D Waivers

UA.I.D.K1Waiver policy and requirements.

UA.I.E Operations over people

UA.I.E.K1Remote pilot responsibilities when operating over people.
UA.I.E.K2Operations over people at night.
UA.I.E.K3Category of operations, including.
UA.I.E.K3aCategory.
UA.I.E.K3bCategory.
UA.I.E.K3cCategory.
UA.I.E.K3dCategory.
UA.I.E.K4Selecting an operational area.
UA.I.E.K5Minimum distances from a person.
UA.I.E.K6Operations over moving vehicles.
UA.I.E.K7Modifications to an sUAS.
UA.I.E.K8Closed and restricted access sites.
UA.I.E.K9Remote Pilot operating instructions.
UA.I.E.K10Required components and Category declaration.
UA.I.E.K11Optional components.
UA.I.E.K12Applicant produced, designed, or modified sUAS for operations over people.
UA.I.E.K13Declaration of Compliance (DoC).
UA.I.E.K14Maintenance of an sUAS that is eligible for operations over people.
UA.I.E.K15Means of Compliance (MoC).
UA.I.E.K16Impact kinetic energy.
UA.I.E.K17Exposed rotating parts.

UA.I.F Remote identification

UA.I.F.K1Standard remote identification.
UA.I.F.K2Alternative remote identification.
UA.I.F.K3Operations for aeronautical research.
UA.I.F.K4ADS-B Out.
UA.I.F.K5Confirmation of identification.
UA.I.F.K6Minimum message elements broadcast for remote identification.
UA.I.F.K7Product labeling.

UA.II.A Airspace classification

UA.II.A.K1General airspace.
UA.II.A.K1aClass B controlled airspace.
UA.II.A.K1bClass C controlled airspace.
UA.II.A.K1cClass D controlled airspace.
UA.II.A.K1dClass E controlled airspace.
UA.II.A.K1eClass G uncontrolled airspace.
UA.II.A.K2Special-use airspace, such as prohibited, restricted, warning areas, military operation areas, alert areas, and controlled firing areas.
UA.II.A.K3Other airspace areas, such as Airport Advisory Services, Military Training Routes (MTRs), Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs), Parachute Jump Operations, Termi.
UA.II.A.K4Air Traffic Control (ATC) and the NAS.

UA.II.B Airspace operational requirements

UA.II.B.K1Basic weather minimums.
UA.II.B.K2ATC authorizations and related operating limitations.
UA.II.B.K3Operations near airports.
UA.II.B.K4Potential flight hazards.
UA.II.B.K4aCommon aircraft accident causal factors.
UA.II.B.K4bAvoid flight beneath unmanned balloons.
UA.II.B.K4cEmergency airborne inspection of other aircraft.
UA.II.B.K4dPrecipitation static.
UA.II.B.K4eLight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser) operations and reporting illumination of aircraft.
UA.II.B.K4fAvoiding flight in the vicinity of thermal plumes such as smoke stacks and cooling towers.
UA.II.B.K4gFlying in the wire environment.
UA.II.B.K5The NOTAM system, including how to obtain an established NOTAM through Flight Service.
UA.II.B.K6Operator equipment for night flight.
UA.II.B.K7Ground structures and ground structure lighting.
UA.II.B.K8Hazards on the ground that do not have lighting.
UA.II.B.K9Manned aircraft lighting.
UA.II.B.K10SUAS lighting requirements.

UA.III.A Sources of weather

UA.III.A.K1Internet weather briefing and sources of weather available for flight planning purposes.
UA.III.A.K2Aviation routine weather reports (METAR).
UA.III.A.K3Terminal aerodrome forecasts (TAF).
UA.III.A.K4Weather charts.
UA.III.A.K5Automated surface observing systems (ASOS) and automated weather observing systems (AWOS).

UA.III.B Effects of weather on performance

UA.III.B.K1Weather factors and their effects on performance.
UA.III.B.K1aDensity altitude.
UA.III.B.K1bWind and currents.
UA.III.B.K1cAtmospheric stability, pressure, and temperature.
UA.III.B.K1dAir masses and fronts.
UA.III.B.K1eThunderstorms and microbursts.
UA.III.B.K1fTornadoes.
UA.III.B.K1gIcing.
UA.III.B.K1hHail.
UA.III.B.K1iFog.
UA.III.B.K1jCeiling and visibility.
UA.III.B.K1kLightning.

UA.IV.A Loading and performance

UA.IV.A.K1General loading and performance, including.
UA.IV.A.K1aEffects of loading changes.
UA.IV.A.K1bBalance, stability, and center of gravity.
UA.IV.A.K2Importance and use of performance data to calculate the effect on the aircraft’s performance of an sUAS.

UA.V.A Radio communications

UA.V.A.K1Airport operations with and without an operating control tower.
UA.V.A.K2The description and use of a Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) to monitor manned aircraft communications.
UA.V.A.K3Recommended traffic advisory procedures used by manned aircraft pilots such as self-announcing of position and intentions.
UA.V.A.K4Aeronautical advisory communication station (UNICOM) and associated communication procedures used by manned aircraft pilots.
UA.V.A.K5Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS).
UA.V.A.K6Aircraft call signs and registration numbers.
UA.V.A.K7The phonetic alphabet.
UA.V.A.K8Phraseology: altitudes, directions, speed, and time.

UA.V.B Airport operations

UA.V.B.K1Types of airports such as towered, uncontrolled towered, heliport, and seaplane bases.
UA.V.B.K2ATC towers, such as ensuring the remote pilot can monitor and interpret ATC communications to improve situational awareness.
UA.V.B.K3Runway markings and signage.
UA.V.B.K4Traffic patterns used by manned aircraft pilots.
UA.V.B.K5Security Identification Display Areas (SIDA).
UA.V.B.K6Sources for airport data.
UA.V.B.K6aAeronautical charts.
UA.V.B.K6bChart Supplements.
UA.V.B.K7Avoiding bird and wildlife hazards and reporting collisions between aircraft and wildlife.
UA.V.B.K8Airport and seaplane base lighting.

UA.V.C Emergency procedures

UA.V.C.K1Emergency planning and communication.
UA.V.C.K2Characteristics and potential hazards of lithium batteries.
UA.V.C.K2aSafe transportation such as proper inspection and handling.
UA.V.C.K2bSafe charging.
UA.V.C.K2cSafe usage.
UA.V.C.K2dRisks of fires involving lithium batteries.
UA.V.C.K3Loss of aircraft control link and fly-aways.
UA.V.C.K4Loss of Global Positioning System (GPS) signal during flight and potential consequences.
UA.V.C.K5Frequency spectrums and associated limitations.
UA.V.C.K6Procedures for operations over people.
UA.V.C.K7Procedures for operations at night.

UA.V.D Aeronautical decision-making

UA.V.D.K1Aeronautical decision-making (ADM).
UA.V.D.K1aEffective team communication.
UA.V.D.K1bTask management.
UA.V.D.K2Crew Resource Management (CRM).
UA.V.D.K3Situational awareness.
UA.V.D.K4Hazardous attitudes.
UA.V.D.K5Hazard identification and risk assessment.

UA.V.E Physiology

UA.V.E.K1Physiological considerations and their effects on safety such as dehydration and heatstroke.
UA.V.E.K2Drug and alcohol use.
UA.V.E.K3Prescription and over-the-counter medication.
UA.V.E.K4Hyperventilation.
UA.V.E.K5Stress and fatigue.
UA.V.E.K6Factors affecting vision.
UA.V.E.K7Fitness for flight.
UA.V.E.K8Physiological aspects of night operation.
UA.V.E.K9Night illusions.

UA.V.F Maintenance and inspection

UA.V.F.K1Basic maintenance.
UA.V.F.K2Preflight inspection.
UA.V.F.K3Techniques to mitigate mechanical failures of all elements used in sUAS operations such as the battery and any device(s) used to operate the sUAS.
UA.V.F.K4Appropriate record keeping.
UA.V.F.K5Persons that may perform maintenance on an sUAS.
UA.V.F.K6Preflight inspection for night operations.
UA.V.F.K7Manufacturer's Declaration of Compliance for Category 2 and 3 operations.

Practice by ACS code. Every question in the app is tagged with the elements it tests, and the Progress tab shows your mastery of each one.

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Sources

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